An Overview of Cholera Symptoms
When a person becomes infected with the bacteria that cause
cholera (
Vibrio cholerae), the bacteria begin to multiply within the intestines. After 24 to 48 hours, cholera symptoms can occur. The period between becoming infected and the start of cholera symptoms is called the cholera incubation period.
An infection with
Vibrio cholerae is often mild or without symptoms, but sometimes cholera symptoms are severe. Approximately 1 in 20 infected people has severe cholera symptoms. These people may experience a rapid loss of body fluids, which can lead to dehydration and shock. Without
cholera treatment, death can occur within hours.
Specific Symptoms of Cholera
Specific cholera symptoms can include:
- Sudden onset and large amounts of watery diarrhea. Diarrhea is usually painless.
- Vomiting.
- Muscle cramps.
- Stool that has a characteristic "rice-water" appearance -- grey, slightly cloudy with flecks of mucus, and a slightly sweaty odor (see Pictures of Cholera).
As fluid is lost, other cholera symptoms can occur, including:
- Thirst
- Weakness
- Increased heart rate
- Reduced urine production
- Coma
- Death.
Fever is not a cholera symptom.
Summary of Cholera Symptoms
Serious cholera symptoms and complications can occur rapidly; therefore, if a person is experiencing possible cholera symptoms, he or she should see a healthcare provider immediately. Cholera treatment will reduce the chance of serious complications.
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